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Victorian Maps of Very Different Male and Female Hearts

In the 1830s, D.W. Kellogg & Co., a publishing firm based in Hartford, Connecticut, produced a fascinating curiosity titled A Map of the Open Country of a Woman’s Heart – Exhibiting its Internal Communications, and the Facilities and Dangers to Travellers Therein. This whimsical yet revealing map was less about geography and more about capturing the 19th-century societal expectations and stereotypes about women. It painted an idealised vision of “True Womanhood,” offering a supposed guide to understanding—and finding—the “perfect” woman.



Barbara Welter, in her seminal 1966 essay The Cult of True Womanhood (American Quarterly), summarised the core values of this ideal: “The attributes of True Womanhood, by which a woman judged herself and was judged by her husband, her neighbours, and her society, could be divided into four cardinal virtues—piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity… Without them… all was ashes. With them she was promised happiness and power.” The map, in its own peculiar way, reflects these virtues and the societal assumptions about women’s nature.

A victorian illustration of a map in the shape of a heart

To balance things out—or perhaps to encourage sales—Kellogg also released A Map of the Fortified Country of Man’s Heart, ostensibly drawn by another “Lady.”


This map presented men’s hearts as a defensive stronghold, complete with battlements and fortifications. At the heart of this citadel was the Citadel of Self Love, surrounded by the outer defences of the Dread of Matrimony. Romanticism was far from central; in fact, the Land of Romance occupied only a small corner of this rugged terrain. Most of the map was given over to such pragmatic (or cynical) regions as the Land of Love of Power, the Land of Love of Money, the Land of Love of Ease, and the Land of Love of Economy.



Taken together, these maps offer a telling glimpse into 19th-century gender norms. While their tongue-in-cheek style may have seemed light-hearted, they reinforce many of the biases and stereotypes that defined relationships and roles in that era. Today, they stand as fascinating artefacts of their time, revealing more about Victorian society than about the hearts of men or women.


A victorian illustration of a map in the shape of a heart


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